Turbine blading



Oct. 9, 1923. R. c. ALLEN TURBINE BLADING Filed April 18, 1922 I 2 L//' I] ECfl/len WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 9, 1923.

UNITED STATES rarest attics. I

ROBERT C. ALLEN, 0F ESSINGTON, PENHSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

TURBINE BLADING.

Application filed April 18, 19 2. Serial No. 554,704.

To all whom it may con/061%.,

.Be it known that I, Bonner C. ALLEN, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident oi Esslngton, in the county of Delaware and 5 State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new 10 more particularly to exhaust blading of the wide type adapted to receive motive fluid, such as steam, at one side and to discharge it peripherally and it has for .its object to provide apparatus of the character designated which shall have relatively simple, easily installed, cheap, and eflicient deflector members for changing the direction of the flow of steam between the blades.

vention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application'in which: l a longitudinal sectional view of a turbine showing my improved blad-ing applied thereto; Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the upper righthand portion of the wide blading in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view to illustrate the underlying principle of my invention. I r

in the application of Alexander T. Kaslcy, Serial No. 521,872 filed December 12, 192i, and assigned to the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, there is disclosed and claimed a type of blade structure which is adapted to receive steam as tially and to discharge it peripherally, the blades bci. provided with guide ribs which L extend from the inlet sides to the outer, en-,

y-absliracting portions. I provide guide means to. the blades which are much shorter and which may be more readily manufacl'u ed and assembled than those disclosed in application and which are capable of ely changing the direction of the axial toward. radial direcrring now to the drawings for a more Je i description of my invention, I show a t rbine 1.0,havrng ournals l1, iitted posed ot' the stationary and moving blades 16 and 17 carried by the cylinder 13 and the rotor 10, respectively, and the latter are in turn followed by a last stage 18 composed of stationary guide blades 19 carried by the casing or cy inder and wide blades 20 adapted to receive steam axially and to discharge it peripherally.

T he wide blades 20 are provided with inner approximately radial or plane portions 2]. and outer curved or spoon-outline portions 22, the latter portions being adapted to expand and discl'iarge steam peripherally at. small angles. Each of the blades 20 is made up of a plurality of sections 28 for the purpose of facilitating manufacture, as

disclosed and claimed in the application of (hristian Gilson, v Elerial No. &',98S, filed .april 18 1922, and assigned to the Westinghouse Electric and lvlanufacturing Company.

i show a single set of guide .ueinbers 24 for each blade section, the guide members extending *lrom approximately an axial, direction the 'l ront of a section to a radial direction at the rear edge thereof; and'the guide members are arranged successively lower, as shown in Fig. 1, from the inlet edge of the first blade section to the rear edge of the last section, thereby providing means for dividing the annulus of steam discharged between the blades into a plurality oi annular portions for action upon the energy-abstracting portions 22, the guide members 24lbeing suitably curved so as to change the direction of flow from approximately an axial to a radial direction.

The guide members 24; may be secured to the blade sections in any suitable manner, for example, in Fig. 2, I show the guide members as being composed of contacting angle sections which are secured to their blade sections by means of rivets 25.

The principle oi? operation of my improved torm of deflector guide members will be readily understood troma consideration oifdiagrammatic Fig; 3. In this view, there shown an elbow conduit 27, in which fluid flows in the direction of the arrows. In a situation of this kind, it has been demonstrated that the best type of deflector to secure substantially a 90 change in the direction of flow of the fluid is & deflector an impulse turbine blade, so as to receive fluid tangentially at one edge, to gradually change its direction of flow, and to discharge it tangentially at the other edge. This type of construction results in a change in the direction of flow along stream lines with a minimum loss due to eddying. I have, therefore, provided the sections of the relatively wide blades of the character referred to with successively lower curved deflector members which serve to change the direction of the annulus of steam "from an ial toward a radial direction.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that have provided a relatively cheap, easily ecmblcd, and cllicient deflector structure r exhaust blading adapted to receive tcam at one side and to discharge it peripherally.

lVhile I have shown my invention in but one :lorm, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is eptible of various other changes and modifications, without departing from the =pirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall. he placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

W hat I claim is: '1. In a turbine, a row of blades adapted to receive motive fluid at one side and to discharge it peripherally and a plurality of fluid from an axial toward a radial direction. 7

3. In a turbine, a row of blades adapted to receive motive fluid axially and to discharn'e it peripherally, each blade being" com osed. of a plurality of sections and (erred deflector members secured to each.

successively lower-from the inlet sides of the blades in order to change the direction of flow. of motive fluid from an. axial toward a radial direction.

n a turbine, a row of blades adapted to receive motive fluid axially and to discharge it peripherally and a plurality of deflector members of substantially equal lengths arranq'ed there between and adapted to'successively deflect portions of the axially flowing motive fluid toward a radial direction.

G. In. a turbine, a row of blades adapted to receive steam axially and to discharge it peripherally, means for successively dividing the iii-flowing annulus of steam into a plurality of annuli and for changing the direction oi flow of the latter from an axial toward a radial direction, and supporting means for the last named means secured to the blades for bracing the latter.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of April,

ROBERT C. ALLEN. 

